Organic

Procedure

• Degree of unsaturation: C + 1 + N/2 – H/2 – X/2 Wikipedia

Aldehydes and Ketones

Mnemonic

• \( \require{AMScd} \begin{CD} RCHO + 2 Ag(NH_3)_2OH @>{\Delta}>> H_2O + 2Ag \downarrow + 3NH3 + RCOONH_4 \end{CD} \) \( \begin{CD} RCOONH_4 @>{H^{+}}>> RCOOH \end{CD} \)

• \( \begin{CD} RCHO + 2 Cu(OH)_2 + NaOH @>{\Delta}>> Cu_2O \downarrow + 3 H_2O + RCOONa \end{CD} \) \( \begin{CD} RCOONa @>{H^{+}}>> RCOOH \end{CD} \)